







Also have a look at the diagram of programming languages history.
Its Time for a New Programming Language
Today, when compared to any other point in programming history, we find ourselves spoiled for choice when it comes to programming…

The Next 7000 Programming Languages
Landin’s seminal paper “The next 700 programming languages” considered programming languages prior to 1966 and speculated on the next 700. Half-a-century on, we cast programming languages in a Darwinian ‘tree of life’ and explore languages, their features (genes) and language evolution from the viewpoint of ‘survival of the fittest’.

Practical Foundations for Programming Languages
Programming Language Design in the Era of LLMs: A Return to Mediocrity?
The most exciting part of Programming Languages (PL) research for me has always been in Programming Language Design.
madhadron - The seven programming ur-languages
I regularly hear people asking which programming language to learn, and then reeling off a list of very similar languages (“Should I learn Java, C#, C++, Python, or Ruby?”). In response I usually tell them that it doesn’t really matter, as long as they get started. There are fundamentals behind them.
The APL Programming Language Source Code
Thousands of programming languages were invented in the first 50 years of the age of computing. Many of them were similar, and many followed a traditional, evolutionary path from their predecessors. What eventually became APL was first a mathematical notation, not as a computer programming language.

pldb: programming languages papers
Search 22,324 papers from POPL, PLDI, ICFP, OOPSLA and other programming languages venues, from 1973 to today.
The Rust Programming Language - The Rust Programming Language
by Steve Klabnik, Carol Nichols, and Chris Krycho, with contributions from the Rust Community
Let’s explore the universe of programming resources together
by Quincy Larson Let’s explore the universe of programming resources together There are a lot of free programming resources out there. Here’s a list of more than a thousand free programming books. Here’s a list of hundreds of free online university c...

Category Theory for Programmers: The Preface
Table of Contents Part One Category: The Essence of Composition Types and Functions Categories Great and Small Kleisli Categories Products and Coproducts Simple Algebraic Data Types Functors Functo…

Something Pretty Right: A History of Visual Basic | Retool
How Visual Basic became the world’s most dominant programming environment, its sudden fall from grace, and why its influence is still shaping the future of software development.

Something Pretty Right: A History of Visual Basic | Retool
How Visual Basic became the world’s most dominant programming environment, its sudden fall from grace, and why its influence is still shaping the future of software development.

Nomnoml
A tool for drawing diagrams based on syntax. Supercharge your boxes and arrows.

Learn C • Build Your Own Lisp
If you're looking to learn C, or you've ever wondered how to build your own programming language, this is the book for you.
Modular: The Claude C Compiler: What It Reveals About the Future of Software
Compilers occupy a special place in computer science. They're a canonical course in computer science education. Building one is a rite of passage. It forces you to confront how software actually works, by examining languages, abstractions, hardware, and the boundary between human intent and machine execution.

Lini — diagrams, charts, drawings and schematics from plain text
Lini is a small text-to-diagram language: flowcharts, mindmaps, charts, sequence diagrams, ER schemas, engineering drawings, floor plans and circuit schematics from plain text, compiled to clean, themeable SVG. Open source, written in Rust, and it runs in the browser.
