Here’s what’s really going on inside an LLM’s neural network

How LLMs are and are not like the brain

Hi from buttondown! At the bottom of this newsletter is a bit of administrivia about the new platform How LLMs are and are not like the brain Beneath all the...

Why do LLMs make stuff up? New research peers under the hood.

Claude's faulty "known entity" neurons sometimes override its "don't answer" circuitry.

What Happens, Exactly, When a Person Talks to an LLM?

A phenomenology of thinking with a model.

Why Are LLMs Smart?

A popular way to explain how current LLMs work is to say that “all” they do is predict the next most likely word in a sentence.

Understanding Multimodal LLMs

An introduction to the main techniques and latest models

Take caution in using LLMs as human surrogates | PNAS

Recent studies suggest large language models (LLMs) can generate human-like responses, aligning with human behavior in economic experiments, survey...

Artificial

An LLM is a computer program. We should talk about it like a computer program.

Artificial

An LLM is a computer program. We should talk about it like a computer program.

LLM Agents are simply Graph — Tutorial For Dummies

Ever wondered how AI agents actually work behind the scenes?

LLM Agents are simply Graph — Tutorial For Dummies

Ever wondered how AI agents actually work behind the scenes?

Brandon Stewart on Twitter / X

1/ New @Nature! We study how powerful institutions shape the information environment for LLMs. Commercial LLM training is opaque, so we trace a path from state-coordinated media -> training data -> model responses. pic.twitter.com/5LdFvzbFaf— Brandon Stewart (@b_m_stewart) May 13, 2026

LLMs and World Models, Part 1

How do Large Language Models Make Sense of Their “Worlds”?

We Don't Understand Neural Networks At The Algorithmic Level

The largest ongoing debate about AI is “Are Large Language Models (LLMs) intelligent?” That makes sense, at least: the evidence is ambiguous and the stakes a...

LLM Daydreaming

Proposal & discussion of how default mode networks for LLMs are an example of missing capabilities for search and novelty in contemporary AI systems.