This blog is co-authored with Zoe Weinberg and Matt Hawes at ex/ante, and is a follow-up to our first blog post on the topic, 'You don't own your memory.' We need an open architecture that puts us in control of our memories while making their exploitation technically impossible. But how will this shift happen? In order to discover possible implementations, we must understand how our data informs LLMs. The three predominant context engineering techniques are prompt design, retrieval-augmented ...
Understanding memory management
Learn MemGPT memory management techniques for controlling LLM context windows with in-context and external storage.
MemGPT
Memory-GPT (MemGPT) - Towards LLMs as Operating Systems - Teach LLMs to manage their own memory for unbounded context!
Memory in Agents: What, Why and How
LLM memory gives language models persistent context across sessions. Learn how it works, how it differs from RAG and context windows, and how to add LLM memory to your agents with Mem0.
OpenAI Developers on Twitter / X
Last week, we released a preview of memories in Codex.Today, we’re expanding the experiment with Chronicle, which improves memories using recent screen context.Now, Codex can help with what you’ve been working on without you restating context. pic.twitter.com/b3p8I5eXOy— OpenAI Developers (@OpenAIDevs) April 20, 2026
MemOS: An Operating System for Memory-Augmented Generation (MAG) in Large Language Models
Large Language Models (LLMs) have emerged as foundational infrastructure in the pursuit of Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Despite their remarkable capabilities in language perception and generation, current LLMs fundamentally lack a unified and structured architecture for handling memory. They primarily rely on parametric memory (knowledge encoded in model weights) and ephemeral activation memory (context-limited runtime states). While emerging methods like Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) incorporate plaintext memory, they lack lifecycle management and multi-modal integration, limiting their capacity for long-term knowledge evolution. To address this, we introduce MemOS, a memory operating system designed for LLMs that, for the first time, elevates memory to a first-class operational resource. It builds unified mechanisms for representation, organization, and governance across three core memory types: parametric, activation, and plaintext. At its core is the MemCube, a standardized memory abstraction that enables tracking, fusion, and migration of heterogeneous memory, while offering structured, traceable access across tasks and contexts. MemOS establishes a memory-centric execution framework with strong controllability, adaptability, and evolvability. It fills a critical gap in current LLM infrastructure and lays the groundwork for continual adaptation, personalized intelligence, and cross-platform coordination in next-generation intelligent systems.
DREAM — Dynamic Retention Episodic Architecture for Memory
Modern AI systems lack persistent, user-specific episodic memory. Existing approaches rely on short-term context windows, shallow preference storage, or static conversation logs that do not scale and cannot preserve meaningful long-term continuity. This paper introduces DREAM (Dynamic Retention Episodic Architecture for Memory), a scalable, opt-in, episodic memory framework designed to work with current LLM and agent architectures. DREAM integrates episodic summarization, user-controlled opt-in memory, semantic retrieval via per-user vector indexes, an adaptive retention mechanism that expands TTL based on user engagement, and horizontal sharding of orchestrators and storage for large-scale deployments. The paper details the architecture, components, data flows, and implementation examples, and argues that DREAM provides a practical path toward AI systems capable of consistent, privacy-aligned long-term reasoning. This project has been extended with a conceptual analysis and simulation of a "DREAM-as-a-Support" (DaaS) hybrid layer. This extension demonstrates DREAM's architectural extensibility, reframing it from a standalone framework into a foundational platform component. The DaaS model provides core memory governance such as adaptive retention (ARM) and user-centric opt-in as an on-demand service to complementary cognitive systems, validating the original four-pillar design through a scalable, internal API. Reference Implementation A reference implementation of the DREAM architecture is available as an open-source Python framework:Official Reference Implementation This implementation is intended for experimentation and architectural validation and does not represent a production-ready system DREAM Architecture — Official GitHub Repository
MemGPT: Towards LLMs as Operating Systems
Large language models (LLMs) have revolutionized AI, but are constrained by limited context windows, hindering their utility in tasks like extended conversations and document analysis. To enable using context beyond limited context windows, we propose virtual context management, a technique drawing inspiration from hierarchical memory systems in traditional operating systems that provide the appearance of large memory resources through data movement between fast and slow memory. Using this technique, we introduce MemGPT (Memory-GPT), a system that intelligently manages different memory tiers in order to effectively provide extended context within the LLM's limited context window, and utilizes interrupts to manage control flow between itself and the user. We evaluate our OS-inspired design in two domains where the limited context windows of modern LLMs severely handicaps their performance: document analysis, where MemGPT is able to analyze large documents that far exceed the underlying LLM's context window, and multi-session chat, where MemGPT can create conversational agents that remember, reflect, and evolve dynamically through long-term interactions with their users. We release MemGPT code and data for our experiments at https://memgpt.ai.
Shlok Khemani on Twitter / X
Super interesting that eve doesn't ship with any long-term or cross-session memory (yet). The main context-management lever out of the box is conversation compaction. This is unlike OpenClaw and Hermes, each of which comes with a default opinionated memory implementation. https://t.co/DDIyc4rFtW— Shlok Khemani (@shloked) June 17, 2026
Memory Models: Towards Agents That Learn
Agents that truly learn from experience will be powered by memory models: models that create and curate token-space memory across model generations, trained with memory-native RL.
The Forgetting Problem: Persistence Architectures and What They Cost - Astral's Blog
Supermemory
The memory layer for AI agents. Context engineering platform powering enterprise APIs, developer plugins, and a personal app that remembers everything.
mem-agent: Equipping LLM Agents with Memory Using RL
The insights and the technical report behind Mem-Agent, our 4B model for persistent memory in LLMs
Instant LLM Updates with Doc-to-LoRA and Text-to-LoRA
Recent LLM agents have shown impressive capabilities on complex computer use and long-horizon tasks. Yet, they still struggle with long-term memory and adaptation--two of the most important cognitive capabilities that still limit LLMs today. Without long-term memory, users have to provide LLMs with relevant content at the start of every new session, creating friction, discontinuity, and longer time-to-response. Additionally, due to the lack of adaptation, they do not learn from mistakes or user preferences from previous sessions, making each interaction as cumbersome as the first. Traditionally, these two problems are tackled by "updating" the model.
i can’t help but think we’re far from nailing memory systems this one here is extremely interesting. two LLMs at once, one just managing and surfacing memory for the other
Asa
I'm not a fan of the decoupled 'memory retrieval → task execution' loop, so my agent has a subconscious background thread that looks for relevant, unique memory context in its experiential database while it runs and injects it on top of the live context window.
New blog post: Ambient associative agent memory Largely, I think deep research styled agents are extremely useful for new content we haven't seen before, but fail hard for memory that's already supposed to be "known" Here are 2 patterns, mine and @3fz.org's timkellogg.me/blog/2026/05/17/ambient-memor…
Ambient Associative Memory
timkellogg.me