







Humanities and Social Sciences Communications - Retraction Note: The effect of ChatGPT on students’ learning performance, learning perception, and higher-order thinking: insights from a...
Retraction Note: The effect of ChatGPT on students’ learning performance, learning perception, and higher-order thinking: insights from a meta-analysis
Humanities and Social Sciences Communications - Retraction Note: The effect of ChatGPT on students’ learning performance, learning perception, and higher-order thinking: insights from a...
'Nature' Retracts Paper on the Benefits of ChatGPT in Education
“What educators, parents and policy officials really needed was high quality data and evidence to help guide them. What they have had to deal with instead is some substandard research.”
ChatGPT acts as a "cognitive crutch" that weakens memory, new research suggests
A recent experiment provides evidence that relying on artificial intelligence to study tends to reduce how much information students remember weeks later.

Kids who use ChatGPT as a study assistant do worse on tests
Researchers compare math progress of almost 1,000 high school students

I saw this meta-analysis shared a couple of times recently, so we took a look and re-analyzed the data. | František Bartoš
I saw this meta-analysis shared a couple of times recently, so we took a look and re-analyzed the data. We found that the conclusion is almost entirely driven by publication bias. Both state-of-the-art and standard methods reduce the degree of the effect 2-3 fold. Moreover, the data no longer show statistical evidence for the main conclusions. Importantly, our findings do not imply that there is no positive effect of ChatGPT, or other large language models on learning; in fact, our analysis reveals that there is “absence of evidence” rather than “evidence of absence”. The present literature appears to be contaminated by publication bias; high-quality registered reports are needed to properly evaluate the effect of large language models in educational settings. See the full response just submitted for publication at https://lnkd.in/eGKHHKtg
ChatGPT's Impact On Our Brains According to an MIT Study
The study, from MIT Lab scholars, measured the brain activity of subjects writing SAT essays with and without ChatGPT.

Influential study touting ChatGPT in education retracted over red flags
The retracted study on ChatGPT in education was already cited hundreds of times.

A.I. Is Homogenizing Our Thoughts
Recent studies suggest that tools such as ChatGPT make our brains less active and our writing less original.

ChatGPT as a cognitive crutch: Evidence from a randomized controlled trial on knowledge retention
The rapid integration of generative artificial intelligence into higher education has outpaced empirical understanding of its effects on fundamental learning processes. To address this gap, this randomized controlled trial (n = 120) tested ChatGPT's impact on long-term knowledge retention in undergraduates learning AI. Participants were randomly assigned either to use ChatGPT as a study aid (AI-Assisted Group) or to use only traditional, non-AI study methods (traditional learning group). Knowledge retention was assessed with a surprise test 45 days after learning. Students who used ChatGPT scored significantly lower on the retention test (57.5 % correct) compared to those who studied traditionally (68.5 % correct), t (83) = −3.19, p = .002, Cohen's d = 0.68. This suggests that unrestricted ChatGPT use impaired long-term retention, likely by reducing the cognitive effort that supports durable memory. The findings align with cognitive offloading theory and the ‘desirable difficulties’ principle: while AI assistance may ease initial learning, it appears to undermine the effortful processes needed for robust learning. These results have important implications for how generative AI tools should be integrated into higher education.


Papers and peer reviews with evidence of ChatGPT writing
Retraction Watch readers have likely heard about papers showing evidence that they were written by ChatGPT, including one that went viral. We and others have reported on the phenomenon. Here’…

“Just a Tool” and Other Fictions — Natalia Ilyin
Ever one to hope for the best, last semester I suggested that students use ChatGPT as a “research partner” in the big bibliographic project they do in the Fall term of Parallel Narratives , their Junior-level history-and-criticism class. In a 27-person class, only one student took me up on the idea
How Learning Happens | Seminal Works in Educational Psychology and Wha
How Learning Happens introduces 28 giants of educational research and their findings on how we learn and what we need to learn effectively, efficiently, and

Work smarter with your company knowledge in ChatGPT
Company knowledge brings context from your apps into ChatGPT for answers specific to your business, with clear citations, security, privacy, and admin controls. Available now for Business, Enterprise, and Edu users.
