The framework for programming—rather than prompting—language models.
What Is DSPy? How It Works, Use Cases, and Resources
DSPy is an open-source Python framework that allows developers to build language model applications using modular and declarative programming instead of relying on one-off prompting techniques.
Coeffects: Context-aware programming languages
Interactive essay that explains theory of coeffects and lets you type-check and run sample programs.
Let the Model Write the Prompt
Notes from a talk I delivered at the 2025 Data + AI Summit, detailing the problem with prompts in your code and how DSPy can make everything better.
DSPy Notebook - Ax LLM Framework
Stanford CS336 | Language Modeling from Scratch (Spring 2025 Archive)
Archived course website for Stanford CS336: Language Modeling from Scratch (Spring 2025), including schedule, assignments, logistics, and materials.
Its Time for a New Programming Language
Today, when compared to any other point in programming history, we find ourselves spoiled for choice when it comes to programming…
Hedy - Textual programming made easy
Many schools and teachers around the world want to teach their students programming. Initially this is often done with playful tools, ranging from the Bee-Bot robot to Scratch Junior or Scratch. After using such tools, kids often want to move to more powerful, textual programming languages, like Python.
How to Make Small Language Models Outperform Large Language Models Using DSPy!
How a 3B Language Model Surpasses an 8B Counterpart with DSPy? “In an era where language models (LMs) are revolutionising countless tasks, their potential is only as powerful as we interpret …
Prompt Like a Data Scientist: Auto Prompt Optimization and Testing with DSPy | Towards Data Science
Applying machine learning methodology to prompt building
Python Tutorial | Learn Python Programming Language - GeeksforGeeks
Your All-in-One Learning Portal: GeeksforGeeks is a comprehensive educational platform that empowers learners across domains-spanning computer science and programming, school education, upskilling, commerce, software tools, competitive exams, and more.
Programming Language Foundations in Agda – Table of Contents
This book is an introduction to programming language theory using the proof assistant Agda.
The Next 7000 Programming Languages
Landin’s seminal paper “The next 700 programming languages” considered programming languages prior to 1966 and speculated on the next 700. Half-a-century on, we cast programming languages in a Darwinian ‘tree of life’ and explore languages, their features (genes) and language evolution from the viewpoint of ‘survival of the fittest’.
Resugaring | Proceedings of the 35th ACM SIGPLAN Conference on Programming Language Design and Implementation
Syntactic sugar plays a crucial role in engineering programming languages. It offers convenient syntax and higher-level of abstractions, as witnessed by its pervasive use in both general-purpose and domain-specific contexts. Unfortunately, the ...
