In King Pawn Openings by Dražen Marović and Idriz Sušić (1975) the authors write: "White aims to develop quickly – but so does Black. White can construct a pawn centre but in unfavourable conditions, a centre which cannot provide a basis for further active play."[2]
Evans Gambit
The Evans Gambit is an attacking line of the Giuoco Piano. White offers a pawn to divert the bishop on c5. If Black accepts, White can follow up with c3 and d4, ripping open the centre, while also opening diagonals to play Ba3 or Qb3 at some point, preventing Black from castling kingside and threatening the pawn on f7, respectively. If Black declines, the pawn on b4 stakes out space on the queenside, and White can follow up with a4 later in the game, potentially gaining a tempo by threatening to trap Black's dark-square bishop.
Jerome Gambit
The Jerome Gambit is an unsound chess opening which is an offshoot of the Giuoco Piano. It is characterized by the moves:
Italian Game
White develops the bishop to the active square c4 (the so-called "Italian bishop"), where it attacks Black's pawn on f7, protected only by the king. Black usually responds with 3...Bc5 (the Giuoco Piano) or 3...Nf6 (the Two Knights Defense).
Pirc Defence
In hypermodern fashion, Black allows White to establish a centre with pawns on d4 and e4, but plans to undermine it later. This position can be reached by several move orders; the move sequence given above is the most common.
King's Gambit
White offers a pawn to divert Black's e-pawn from the center. If Black accepts the gambit, White will usually target the weak square f7, defended only by the king. A downside to the King's Gambit is that it weakens White's own king's position. Black can also decline the gambit, usually by the Falkbeer Countergambit (2...d5) or the Classical Defense (2...Bc5).
King's Gambit
White offers a pawn to divert Black's e-pawn from the center. If Black accepts the gambit, White will usually target the weak square f7, defended only by the king. A downside to the King's Gambit is that it weakens White's own king's position. Black can also decline the gambit, usually by the Falkbeer Countergambit (2...d5) or the Classical Defense (2...Bc5).
Open Game
Open Game[1] (or Double King's Pawn Opening) is a generic term for a family of chess openings beginning with the moves:
Ruy Lopez
White develops the bishop to the active square b5 (the so-called "Spanish bishop"), attacking the knight that defends Black's e-pawn.
Closed Game
Closed Game (or Double Queen's Pawn Opening or Close Opening[1]) is a generic term for a family of chess openings beginning with the moves: