CONTEXT: Electroencephalography (EEG) is a complex signal and can require several years of training, as well as advanced signal processing and feature extraction methodologies to be correctly interpreted. Recently, deep learning (DL) has shown great promise in helping make sense of EEG signals due to its capacity to learn good feature representations from raw data. Whether DL truly presents advantages as compared to more traditional EEG processing approaches, however, remains an open question. OBJECTIVE: In this work, we review 154 papers that apply DL to EEG, published between January 2010 and July 2018, and spanning different application domains such as epilepsy, sleep, brain-computer interfacing, and cognitive and affective monitoring. We extract trends and highlight interesting approaches from this large body of literature in order to inform future research and formulate recommendations. METHODS: Major databases spanning the fields of science and engineering were queried to identify relevant studies published in scientific journals, conferences, and electronic preprint repositories. Various data items were extracted for each study pertaining to (1) the data, (2) the preprocessing methodology, (3) the DL design choices, (4) the results, and (5) the reproducibility of the experiments. These items were then analyzed one by one to uncover trends. RESULTS: Our analysis reveals that the amount of EEG data used across studies varies from less than ten minutes to thousands of hours, while the number of samples seen during training by a network varies from a few dozens to several millions, depending on how epochs are extracted. Interestingly, we saw that more than half the studies used publicly available data and that there has also been a clear shift from intra-subject to inter-subject approaches over the last few years. About [Formula: see text] of the studies used convolutional neural networks (CNNs), while [Formula: see text] used recurrent neural networks (RNNs), most often with a total of 3-10 layers. Moreover, almost one-half of the studies trained their models on raw or preprocessed EEG time series. Finally, the median gain in accuracy of DL approaches over traditional baselines was [Formula: see text] across all relevant studies. More importantly, however, we noticed studies often suffer from poor reproducibility: a majority of papers would be hard or impossible to reproduce given the unavailability of their data and code. SIGNIFICANCE: To help the community progress and share work more effectively, we provide a list of recommendations for future studies and emphasize the need for more reproducible research. We also make our summary table of DL and EEG papers available and invite authors of published work to contribute to it directly. A planned follow-up to this work will be an online public benchmarking portal listing reproducible results.
Deep learning-based electroencephalography analysis: a systematic review
Deep learning-based electroencephalography analysis: a systematic review, Roy, Yannick, Banville, Hubert, Albuquerque, Isabela, Gramfort, Alexandre, Falk, Tiago H, Faubert, Jocelyn
Deep learning with convolutional neural networks for EEG decoding and visualization
Deep learning with convolutional neural networks (deep ConvNets) has revolutionized computer vision through end-to-end learning, that is, learning from the raw data. There is increasing interest in u...
#brainfoundationmodels #neuroai #eeg #meg #fmri #neuroscience #machinelearning #opensource #fair | Jarod Lévy
Today, the Brain&AI team announces a new release with NeuralBench. 📊📊📊 A unified framework for benchmarking foundation models of brain activity. This wouldn’t have been possible without the tremendous work of Hubert Banville 🎉 🎉 🎉 - 🧠 36 EEG tasks - 🗄️ 94 public datasets. - 💻 Code: https://lnkd.in/dPDMwja3 - 📄 Paper: https://lnkd.in/ddDU2p6d This package allows systematic evaluation of any foundation models. NeuralBench addresses this by defining each task end-to-end with config files (data source, preprocessing, splits, optimizer, metrics, architecture) so all models can be evaluated on the same footing. We invite the community to contribute new tasks, datasets, and models, especially for fMRI, MEG, and iEEG. The long-term goal is a fully unified benchmark across neuroimaging tasks and modalities. What's in the first release, NeuralBench-EEG v1.0: - 36 EEG tasks across 94 public datasets, spanning motor imagery, clinical classification, cognitive decoding, and phenotype prediction. - Task-specific deep learning architectures (EEGNet, Deep4, EEGConformer, CTNet, ...) benchmarked side-by-side with recent EEG foundation models (BENDR, LaBraM, BIOT, CBraMod, LUNA, REVE). - Extensible to other neuroimaging modalities: the framework already runs MEG and fMRI tasks, leveraging our NeuralSet ecosystem for accessing brain imaging data and the broader neuroscientific software stack. - Released under the MIT license. Big team effort with Stéphane d'Ascoli, Simon Dahan, Jérémy RAPIN, Marlène Careil, Yohann Benchetrit, Saarang P., Antoine Ratouchniak, Lucy (Mingfang) Zhang, Elisa Cascardi, Katie Begany Teon Brooks, and Jean-Rémi King. And special thanks: Alexandre Gramfort Thomas Moreau Arnaud Delorme Bruno A. Pierre Guetschel #BrainFoundationModels #NeuroAI #EEG #MEG #fMRI #Neuroscience #MachineLearning #OpenSource #FAIR
NeuralBench: A Unifying Framework to Benchmark NeuroAI Models | Hubert Banville
🧠 NeuralBench is now open source. Today we're releasing NeuralBench, a unified framework for benchmarking foundation models of brain activity, developed by the Brain & AI team at FAIR, Meta. 💻 Code: https://lnkd.in/dNJsgBgM 📄 White paper: https://lnkd.in/dvWMg7rx Brain foundation models are starting to show positive transfer to a range of downstream tasks, from brain-computer interfacing to clinical classification. But systematically evaluating them is hard: heterogeneous preprocessing pipelines, input structures, and adaptation methodologies make results difficult to compare. Most prior work also focuses on a narrow set of downstream tasks. NeuralBench addresses this by defining each task end-to-end with config files (data source, preprocessing, splits, optimiser, metrics, architecture) so all models can be evaluated on the same footing. What's in our first release, NeuralBench-EEG v1.0: ⚡ 36 EEG tasks across 94 public datasets, spanning motor imagery, clinical classification, cognitive decoding, and phenotype prediction. 🤖 Task-specific deep learning architectures (EEGNet, Deep4, EEGConformer, CTNet, ...) benchmarked side-by-side with recent EEG foundation models (BENDR, LaBraM, BIOT, CBraMod, LUNA, REVE). 🧩 Extensible to other neuroimaging modalities: the framework already runs MEG and fMRI tasks, leveraging our NeuralSet ecosystem for accessing brain imaging data and the broader neuroscientific software stack. 📜 Released under the MIT license. Help us make it better. Through our white paper, we invite the community to contribute new tasks, datasets, and models, especially for fMRI, MEG, and iEEG. The long-term goal is a fully unified benchmark across neuroimaging tasks and modalities. 🙏🙏🙏 This was a big team effort with Stéphane d'Ascoli, Simon Dahan, Jérémy RAPIN, Marlène Careil, Yohann Benchetrit, Jarod Lévy, Saarang P., Antoine Ratouchniak, Lucy (Mingfang) Zhang, Elisa Cascardi, Katie Begany, Teon Brooks, and Jean-Rémi King. Special thanks to Alexandre Gramfort, Thomas Moreau, Arnaud Delorme, Bruno A. and Pierre Guetschel for feedback and support. #Neuroscience #AI #NeuroAI #Python #OpenSource
BrainWave: A Brain Signal Foundation Model for Clinical Applications
Neural electrical activity is fundamental to brain function, underlying a range of cognitive and behavioral processes, including movement, perception, decision-making, and consciousness. Abnormal patterns of neural signaling often indicate the presence of underlying brain diseases. The variability among individuals, the diverse array of clinical symptoms from various brain disorders, and the limited availability of diagnostic classifications, have posed significant barriers to formulating reliable model of neural signals for diverse application contexts. Here, we present BrainWave, the first foundation model for both invasive and non-invasive neural recordings, pretrained on more than 40,000 hours of electrical brain recordings (13.79 TB of data) from approximately 16,000 individuals. Our analysis show that BrainWave outperforms all other competing models and consistently achieves state-of-the-art performance in the diagnosis and identification of neurological disorders. We also demonstrate robust capabilities of BrainWave in enabling zero-shot transfer learning across varying recording conditions and brain diseases, as well as few-shot classification without fine-tuning, suggesting that BrainWave learns highly generalizable representations of neural signals. We hence believe that open-sourcing BrainWave will facilitate a wide range of clinical applications in medicine, paving the way for AI-driven approaches to investigate brain disorders and advance neuroscience research.
#neuroscience #ai #python #opensource #neuroai | Jean-Rémi King
⚡ We're happy to release NeuralSet: a fast, simple, and scalable Python framework for Neuro-AI. Already supports: 🧠 fMRI, EEG, MEG, iEEG, spikes… recordings 💬 text, 🔊 audio, ▶️ video, 🏞️ image… embeddings 📦 `pip install neuralset` 💻 Code: https://lnkd.in/eamwxBUY 📄 Paper: https://lnkd.in/epbreyDy Made possible thanks to: Hubert Banville, Katie Begany, Corentin Bel, Yohann Benchetrit, Teon Brooks, Marlène Careil, Simon Dahan, Stéphane d'Ascoli, Alexandre Défossez, Linnea Evanson, PhD, Pablo J. Diego Simón, Julien Gadonneix, Sophia Houhamdi, Shubh Khanna, Jarod Lévy, Pierre Orhan, Antoine Ratouchniak, Joséphine Raugel, Andrea Elena Santos Revilla, Alexis Thual, Lucy (Mingfang) Zhang, Jérémy RAPIN #Neuroscience #AI #Python #OpenSource #NeuroAI
#neuroscience #ai #python #opensource #neuroai | Jean-Rémi King | 34 comments
⚡ We're happy to release NeuralSet: a fast, simple, and scalable Python framework for Neuro-AI. Already supports: 🧠 fMRI, EEG, MEG, iEEG, spikes… recordings 💬 text, 🔊 audio, ▶️ video, 🏞️ image… embeddings 📦 `pip install neuralset` 💻 Code: https://lnkd.in/eamwxBUY 📄 Paper: https://lnkd.in/epbreyDy Made possible thanks to: Hubert Banville, Katie Begany, Corentin Bel, Yohann Benchetrit, Teon Brooks, Marlène Careil, Simon Dahan, Stéphane d'Ascoli, Alexandre Défossez, Linnea Evanson, PhD, Pablo J. Diego Simón, Julien Gadonneix, Sophia Houhamdi, Shubh Khanna, Jarod Lévy, Pierre Orhan, Antoine Ratouchniak, Joséphine Raugel, Andrea Elena Santos Revilla, Alexis Thual, Lucy (Mingfang) Zhang, Jérémy RAPIN #Neuroscience #AI #Python #OpenSource #NeuroAI | 34 comments on LinkedIn
#neuroscience #ai #python #opensource #neuroai | Jean-Rémi King | 34 comments
⚡ We're happy to release NeuralSet: a fast, simple, and scalable Python framework for Neuro-AI. Already supports: 🧠 fMRI, EEG, MEG, iEEG, spikes… recordings 💬 text, 🔊 audio, ▶️ video, 🏞️ image… embeddings 📦 `pip install neuralset` 💻 Code: https://lnkd.in/eamwxBUY 📄 Paper: https://lnkd.in/epbreyDy Made possible thanks to: Hubert Banville, Katie Begany, Corentin Bel, Yohann Benchetrit, Teon Brooks, Marlène Careil, Simon Dahan, Stéphane d'Ascoli, Alexandre Défossez, Linnea Evanson, PhD, Pablo J. Diego Simón, Julien Gadonneix, Sophia Houhamdi, Shubh Khanna, Jarod Lévy, Pierre Orhan, Antoine Ratouchniak, Joséphine Raugel, Andrea Elena Santos Revilla, Alexis Thual, Lucy (Mingfang) Zhang, Jérémy RAPIN #Neuroscience #AI #Python #OpenSource #NeuroAI | 34 comments on LinkedIn
🚀🚀🚀 Excited to share that our Brain&AI team is releasing NeuralSet! 🚀🚀🚀 A fast, simple, and scalable package for Neuro-AI: 📦 `pip install neuralset` 💻 Code: https://lnkd.in/eamwxBUY 📄… | Jarod Lévy | 12 comments
🚀🚀🚀 Excited to share that our Brain&AI team is releasing NeuralSet! 🚀🚀🚀 A fast, simple, and scalable package for Neuro-AI: 📦 `pip install neuralset` 💻 Code: https://lnkd.in/eamwxBUY 📄 Paper: https://lnkd.in/epbreyDy As a PhD student working extensively with neuro recordings and AI models, I find this library to be a game-changer. This has been the common backbone for the past several years of our projects (TribeV2, DynaDiff, Brain2Qwerty & more!). This library turns raw neuro-recordings into AI-ready tensors. It enables: - Event-driven processing with typed, validated DataFrames. - Multimodal extractors for fMRI, EEG, MEG, EMG, and iEEG + text, image, audio, and video. - Torch-native segmentation for efficient batching. - Caching and remote compute through exca. Huge thanks to everyone on the team who made this release possible. If you're working on brain decoding, encoding models, or foundation models for neuroscience, don’t miss this! 🧠 Jean-Rémi King Hubert Banville Katie Begany Corentin Bel Yohann Benchetrit Teon Brooks Marlène Careil Simon Dahan Stéphane d'Ascoli Alexandre Défossez Linnea Evanson, PhD Pablo J. Diego Simón, Julien Gadonneix, Sophia Houhamdi Shubh Khanna Pierre Orhan Antoine Ratouchniak Joséphine Raugel Andrea Elena Santos Revilla Alexis Thual Lucy (Mingfang) Zhang Jérémy RAPIN | 12 comments on LinkedIn
Neuropeek — Accelerating the Neuro-AI convergence
Where brain data becomes shared knowledge. A community-driven platform federating neuroscience datasets, models, and tools to accelerate discovery.
#digitalbrainproject #neuroscience #artificialintelligence #openscience #callforprojects #research #ai #brain | Fondation Adolphe de Rothschild
The Rothschild Foundation Hospital is excited to launch the Digital Brain Project, a $5M collaborative research initiative to build an open source foundational model of the brain through open-access neural data. Apply by May 15th for up to $500k in funding. Help crack the neural code 👉digitalbrainproject.org Our objective is to develop a standardized, publicly available dataset of human brain recordings to accelerate fundamental research in cognitive neuroscience, AI system development, and clinical health. Our independent, multidisciplinary Scientific Committee oversees data collection, ethical review, privacy, and open science practices of our project — setting standards for large-scale brain research. The Digital Brain Project is conceived as an open collaborative infrastructure, at the intersection of neuroscience, artificial intelligence, and data science. It aims to accelerate data development, a key bottleneck to developing a foundational AI model of the human brain. Key Focus Areas: 1️⃣ Brain recording data related to visual processing, language functions and cognitive actions 2️⃣ Rigorous quality, privacy, and ethical control, along with procedures for standardizing data across sites 3️⃣ Support for teams selected by an international multidisciplinary Scientific Committee Call for applications: Research teams working in neuroscience, neuroimaging, or artificial intelligence are invited to submit their applications by May 15, 2026. Selected teams will receive up to $500k USD funding to support their work. We appreciate our Scientific Committee (Lune Bellec Anne-Marie Kermarrec Arthur Mensch Russell Poldrack Lucia Melloni Jose Alain Sahel) for their independent scientific leadership, and partners Université de Montréal and AI at Meta for collaborating on this exciting project. #DigitalBrainProject #Neuroscience #ArtificialIntelligence #OpenScience #Callforprojects #Research #AI #Brain -------------------------------------------------------------- Pierre Bourdillon Julie Boyle Elisa Cascardi Jean-Rémi King Guillaume Le Hénanff Amélie Yavchitz Julien Gottsmann Fabrice VERRIELE Charlotte Cardin-Taillia
UK Patent Filed for Hair-Inclusive EEG Electrode by Synaptive | Synaptive posted on the topic | LinkedIn
Big news from us 🎉 We've just filed a United Kingdom patent application on our hair-inclusive EEG electrode, the first step in taking this from prototype to something that actually reaches the labs and people who need it. For too long, EEG hardware has quietly excluded people based on hair type. Thick, coily, tightly curled, if your hair didn't fit the mould, your signal quality suffered, or you were excluded from studies altogether. That's not a small technical footnote. That's data that shapes diagnoses, treatments, and our understanding of the brain itself, built on a foundation that didn't include everyone. We built Synaptive to fix that at the hardware level, so good signal doesn't depend on who you are or what your hair looks like. Filing the patent is a huge milestone for us, and we're only getting started. If you're a researcher, lab, or manufacturer interested in electrodes that actually work for everyone, reach out on our website (synaptiveltd.co.uk). Thank you to everyone who's backed us on this journey so far ❤️ Synaptive : ) Rishan P. Peter Bryan Michael-Merlin (Merlin) Krý
brainlife
The platform allows to analyze Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), electroencephalography (EEG) and magnetoencephalography (MEG) data. Data can either be uploaded from local computers or imported from public archives such as OpenNeuro.org. Over 400+ data processing Apps are available on brainlife.io to build custom data workflows. Thousands of jobs can be submitted using shared clusters or on users' compute resource. Users can perform group-level statistical analysis or apply machine learning methods using Jupyter notebooks. A single record containing the entire data workflow (from raw data to published figures) can be published addressed by with a unique digital object identifier (DOI).
nubrain - A foundation model for neural decoding
Building the world's largest dataset of human brain activity.
GitHub - AIM-KannLab/BrainIAC | Giovanni Giulietti
One of the biggest hurdles in neuroimaging AI has always been the scarcity of labeled data, especially for rare conditions. But a recent study published in Nature Neuroscience introduces a potential solution: BrainIAC (Brain Imaging Adaptive Core). Unlike traditional models that are trained for one specific task, BrainIAC is a "foundation model", a large-scale AI model trained on vast amounts of data that can perform many different tasks and be adapted to specific applications. It was pretrained on a massive dataset of 48965 brain structural MRI sequences (T1w, T2w, FLAIR, T1CE) using self-supervised learning, allowing it to understand the "big picture" of brain anatomy across different ages and conditions. It has been tested across seven diverse and clinically meaningful applications: - brain age prediction - IDH mutation classification - Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) classification - diffuse glioma overall survival prediction - MR sequence classification - time-to-stroke prediction - tumor segmentation BrainIAC consistently outperformed traditional supervised learning approaches and other medical-specific models. The real "magic" happens in low-data scenarios. While traditional AI usually needs thousands of examples, BrainIAC can adapt to new tasks using only a few samples. BrainIAC can be used for structural brain MRI analysis through two main methods: - Web Usage (BrainIAC platform): the easiest way to use BrainIAC, providing a user-friendly interface to upload structural brain MRI data and run inference. - Local usage (GitHub repository): for more advanced and customized analysis. It allows complete control over the data preprocessing, model training, and inference pipelines. It requires Python 3.9+ and NVIDIA GPU with CUDA 11.0+. 🔗 BrainIAC paper: https://lnkd.in/dq6Gprgt 🔗 BrainIAC web platform https://lnkd.in/dpreadMp 🔗 BrainIAC GitHub repo: https://lnkd.in/duwSEg4V #MedicalAI #Neuroscience #HealthTech #BrainIAC #Radiology #Innovation #DeepLearning #PrecisionMedicine
Introducing TRIBE v2: A Predictive Foundation Model Trained to Understand How the Human Brain Processes Complex Stimuli | Keith Doelling
This is some very cool work by some awesome colleagues Jean-Rémi King, and Teon Brooks! Seriously not enough good things can be said about how cool it is. You should enjoy it and play with it. And kudos to Meta for open sourcing it. At the same time, I'm already seeing posts about how the model will replace fMRI experiments as researchers will simulate how the brain "really works" instead of running costly experiments. I think this goes WELL beyond what its creators intend. We are already seeing that use of AI in science allows you to explore charted ideas more thoroughly and much more rapidly but slows us down in finding novel ideas (https://lnkd.in/eMR2akqt). At the same time, there is growing concern that LLM performance will collapse as they are increasingly trained on their own output (https://lnkd.in/eavgfyuY). Leaving neuroscience to AI simulations risks following the same fate, where we generate seemingly new findings without gaining new meaning. A mechanistic understanding of how the brain works (if that is still your goal) will be found at the margins, in errors and idiosyncrasies of neural function. What TRIBE provides is a super useful and cool instantiation of our current understanding on how and where neural activity is instantiated in the brain. But it won't help us make groundbreaking new findings of how neural circuits lead to cognition and behavior. Experiments on real human brains, may be costly, but they will always be necessary!