Nature creates a diverse range of foam-like materials, from bones to banana peels, through a rich orchestration of physical and biochemical processes across hierarchical length scales1. Here, we introduce deep-foam photolithography, a spatially controlled, light-induced foaming process in which a photosensitized polymer film is exposed to deeply penetrating UV-A light, which initiates the production of both scission and crosslinked polymers throughout the depth of the film. Hypotonically driven case II permeation2 of a weak solvent triggers pore nucleation, expansion and a controllable viscoelastic collapse to create foams through a localized solubilization of polymer fragments within a crosslinked network. The resemblance to amorphous structural whites in nature enables inkless printing in white and greyscale; the resolution is high enough (about 20,000 dots per inch) to generate diffractive colour. This uniquely allows the printing of mechanically expanded and collapsed foams with high aspect ratios (20×); controlled collapse creates hierarchically rough surfaces with lotus-like super-hydrophobicity. Deep-foam photolithography is applied to both films and fibres, using a range of amorphous and semi-crystalline polymeric materials. Patterning μm-level spatial differences in foamability, wettability, optical properties and local thickness enables high-resolution printing, microfluidics and picolitre capture of liquids and colloidal matter.
Foaming photopolymers as a high-resolution biomimetic printing platform
Nature creates a diverse range of foam-like materials, from bones to banana peels, through a rich orchestration of physical and biochemical processes across hierarchical length scales1. Here, we introduce deep-foam photolithography, a spatially controlled, light-induced foaming process in which a photosensitized polymer film is exposed to deeply penetrating UV-A light, which initiates the production of both scission and crosslinked polymers throughout the depth of the film. Hypotonically driven case II permeation2 of a weak solvent triggers pore nucleation, expansion and a controllable viscoelastic collapse to create foams through a localized solubilization of polymer fragments within a crosslinked network. The resemblance to amorphous structural whites in nature enables inkless printing in white and greyscale; the resolution is high enough (about 20,000 dots per inch) to generate diffractive colour. This uniquely allows the printing of mechanically expanded and collapsed foams with high aspect ratios (20×); controlled collapse creates hierarchically rough surfaces with lotus-like super-hydrophobicity. Deep-foam photolithography is applied to both films and fibres, using a range of amorphous and semi-crystalline polymeric materials. Patterning μm-level spatial differences in foamability, wettability, optical properties and local thickness enables high-resolution printing, microfluidics and picolitre capture of liquids and colloidal matter.
Reconstructing the Composition of Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances in Contemporary Aqueous Film-Forming Foams
Abstract. Hundreds of public water systems across the United States have been contaminated by the use of aqueous film-forming foams (AFFF) containing per-
Nitrifying Microorganisms Linked to Biotransformation of Perfluoroalkyl Sulfonamido Precursors from Legacy Aqueous Film-Forming Foams
Abstract. Drinking water supplies across the United States have been contaminated by firefighting and fire-training activities that use aqueous film-formin
BED SPONGE HOLDER NO SUPPORTS - Free 3D Print Model - MakerWorld
Download this free 3D print file designed by IK3Digital. Wash your dishes with style with this adorable bed for your sponge. It prints in 2 parts, and it needs no supports at all, the pieces attach together by pin. It has been designed to be used with sponges measuring 75mm W x 130mm L x 20mm H but I will resize if needed to other standard sizes, just flick me a message. All of my models are for personal use only, unless you are an active member of my Patreon IK3D. You will also get free models every month and access to a welcome package, full access to my whole catalog of over 250 high quality models on your third month: http://patreon.com/ik3d Happy printing!
Bambu Lab P2S
A refined multi-filament 3D printer ready for effortless multi-material, up to 20-color printing, with 70% more extrusion force, flow-rate compensation, and adaptive airflow.
Polystyrene
Polystyrene (PS) is a synthetic polymer made from monomers of the aromatic hydrocarbon styrene. Polystyrene can be solid or foamed. General-purpose polystyrene is clear, hard, and brittle. By weight, it is considered a relatively cheap resin and a fairly poor barrier to oxygen and water vapor, with a relatively low melting point. Polystyrene is one of the most widely used plastics, with the scale of its production being several million tonnes per year. Polystyrene is naturally transparent to visible light, but can be colored with colorants. Uses include protective packaging, containers, lids, bottles, trays, tumblers, disposable cutlery, models, and phonograph records.
3 Methods for Making Foam Rocks
Monomer
A monomer (/ˈmɒnəmər/ MON-ə-mər; mono-, "one" + -mer, "part") is a molecule that can react together with other monomer molecules to form a larger polymer chain or two- or three-dimensional network in a process called polymerization.[1][2][3].mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}
Barry Webb Documents a Marvelous, Macro Array of Colorful Slime Molds
Thanks to Webb's up-close, high-resolution shots, we glimpse a phenomenally beautiful world that is otherwise virtually invisible.
Bazzite Box Case for Lenovo ThinkCentre M920q - Free 3D Print Model - MakerWorld
Download this free 3D print file designed by Pixels & Polymer. These are the case files for my YouTube video about making a Bazzite Box (Steam Machine).
Foamboard Buildings & Ruins - Painting with Stippling
Cease-fire at the leading edge: new perspectives on actin filament branching, debranching and cross-linking
Membrane protrusion at the leading edge of migrating cells is driven by the polymerization of actin. Recent studies using advanced imaging techniques raised a lively controversy about the morphology of these filaments; however, common ground between ...
Pantheon Design - High Speed 3D printers
Pantheon Design develops 3D printing systems that allow industrial grade flexible manufacturing at a speed never seen before.
Jazz Cups: The Snazzy Paper Tableware Pattern that Encapsulates Early 90s Design - 99% Invisible
Imagine a plastic cup and one particular red-wrapped variant will likely come to mind, designed in the 1970s by Robert Leo Hulseman, son of the Solo Cup Company’s founder. In the realm of paper cups, there is a parallel icon — the dynamic “Jazz” pattern is also a classic, but its history and the artist
Northstar Prime - Titanfall 2
This is not a creation that I have made. I only received this file from one individual, and a request to rig the model from t-pose to specific pose and make it 3d printable (90% of parts were non-water tight).The model was ripped from the game, which means that the model might still not be easily printable, as huge amount of details are pretty small. Might require resin printer.28.5.2021. Added new model with separated parts, so printing is much easier.18.7.2021 Added version without interior colliding. Should be good for resin printers.9.8.2021 New modular parts
MD Thermochrome by Mass-Driver - Future Fonts
Our written world is made from little dots: little dots of ink from a printer; phosphors or pixels on a screen; blackened thermal paper on a sales receipt. MD Thermochrome is a typeface designed around little dots. It’s not a faithful mimicry of any single printing technique, but an allusion to several — the coarse grid of dot-matrix printers, the visible scanlines of CRT terminal fonts, the varying dot size of over- and under-inked documents from any number of technologies. Built on a consistent (but not quite square) grid, Thermochrome features five discrete italic angles (Upright, Italic, Inclined, Retalic, Reclined), eight weights, and over 100 icons and symbols.
