







This article examines the outcome of the July 2023 election in Spain. Despite the right- and far-right bloc winning a higher share of the votes, the two main incumbent parties on the left (PSOE and...
Resultados Elecciones Aragón 2026 | Votos, escaños y mayorías
Acceda a RTVE.es para consultar los resultados en las Elecciones de Aragón 2026: los votos de los partidos, escaños y posibles mayorías por provincia y municipios.

Partidismo negativo, derecha radical y voto: un análisis de su relación en el contexto de las elecciones generales españolas de 2023
Although the concept of partisan identification included a positive and a negative dimension as postulated by the Michigan model, the truth is that the latter dimension has received practically no attention. The present research aims to evaluate to what extent negative partisanship currently represents an explanatory factor of electoral behavior in Spain. Specifically, we study how, in the context of the Spanish general elections of July 2023, negative partisanship towards the radical right increased the probability of voting for the PSOE and whether, in turn, the rejection generated by the PSOE also promoted support for Vox. To test these hypotheses, we use data from the III National Survey of Political Polarization in Spain, elaborated by the Murcian Centre for Public Opinion Studies (CEMOP) in the middle of the election campaign. The results of the binary logistic regression models implemented show that negative partisanship towards the radical right represents a (novel) explanatory factor of the vote for the PSOE, but that Vox did not feed significantly on the rejection of the socialists —nor even of Sumar—.We also note the exceptional capacity of the radical right to arouse processes of negative identification, especially among women.
BOE-A-2023-18907 Resolución de 30 de agosto de 2023, de la Presidencia de la Junta Electoral Central, por la que se publica el resumen de los resultados de las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados y al Senado convocadas por Real Decreto 400/2023, de 29 de mayo, y celebradas el 23 de julio de 2023, conforme a las actas de escrutinio general y de proclamación de electos remitidas por las correspondientes Juntas Electorales Provinciales y por las Juntas Electorales de Ceuta y de Melilla.
BOE-A-2023-18907 Resolución de 30 de agosto de 2023, de la Presidencia de la Junta Electoral Central, por la que se publica el resumen de los resultados de las elecciones al Congreso de los Diputados y al Senado convocadas por Real Decreto 400/2023, de 29 de mayo, y celebradas el 23 de julio de 2023, conforme a las actas de escrutinio general y de proclamación de electos remitidas por las correspondientes Juntas Electorales Provinciales y por las Juntas Electorales de Ceuta y de Melilla.
Public support for the <i>cordon sanitaire</i> : Descriptive evidence from Spain
Reactions to the rise of far-right parties that advocate democratic backsliding, and the dilution of socially liberal democratic norms present a dilemma for existing political parties. How should existing political parties respond to this challenge? A commonly adopted strategy is to apply a cordon sanitaire which excludes radical right-wing challengers from the government-forming process. Do voters support this policy? Leveraging data from Spain – where the mainstream right has accommodated the radical right-wing party, VOX, via numerous governing coalitions – I rely on individual citizens’ views on how parties should respond to rise of the far-right party, to answer this question. Empirically, the results show very low-level support for the cordon sanitaire in Spain. Indeed, the modal position of the electorate, regardless of their ideological position, is to treat the party just like any other. These results are not conditioned by the propensity of individuals to identify VOX as indeed being a “radical right” party. These descriptive findings suggest that whilst radical right-wing parties may present an inimical threat to democratic norms, citizens do not necessarily view the means of squashing this threat to be one of strategic exclusion. This likely explains why the mainstream right has been able to institutionalise VOX as a political ally: where strategic exclusion is not expected, the mainstream right need not fear violating an expectation that does not exist.

Public support for the <i>cordon sanitaire</i> : Descriptive evidence from Spain
Reactions to the rise of far-right parties that advocate democratic backsliding, and the dilution of socially liberal democratic norms present a dilemma for existing political parties. How should existing political parties respond to this challenge? A commonly adopted strategy is to apply a cordon sanitaire which excludes radical right-wing challengers from the government-forming process. Do voters support this policy? Leveraging data from Spain – where the mainstream right has accommodated the radical right-wing party, VOX, via numerous governing coalitions – I rely on individual citizens’ views on how parties should respond to rise of the far-right party, to answer this question. Empirically, the results show very low-level support for the cordon sanitaire in Spain. Indeed, the modal position of the electorate, regardless of their ideological position, is to treat the party just like any other. These results are not conditioned by the propensity of individuals to identify VOX as indeed being a “radical right” party. These descriptive findings suggest that whilst radical right-wing parties may present an inimical threat to democratic norms, citizens do not necessarily view the means of squashing this threat to be one of strategic exclusion. This likely explains why the mainstream right has been able to institutionalise VOX as a political ally: where strategic exclusion is not expected, the mainstream right need not fear violating an expectation that does not exist.

Resultados Elecciones Castilla y León 2026 | Votos, escaños y mayorías
Acceda a RTVE.es para consultar los resultados en las Elecciones de Castilla y León 2026: los votos de los partidos, escaños y posibles mayorías por provincia y municipios.

BOE-A-2024-13092 Acuerdo de 27 de junio de 2024, de la Junta Electoral Central, por el que se procede a la publicación de los resultados de las elecciones de diputados y diputadas al Parlamento Europeo convocadas por Real Decreto 363/2024, de 9 de abril, y celebradas el 9 de junio de 2024, con indicación del número de escaños y de votos obtenidos por las candidaturas proclamadas.
BOE-A-2024-13092 Acuerdo de 27 de junio de 2024, de la Junta Electoral Central, por el que se procede a la publicación de los resultados de las elecciones de diputados y diputadas al Parlamento Europeo convocadas por Real Decreto 363/2024, de 9 de abril, y celebradas el 9 de junio de 2024, con indicación del número de escaños y de votos obtenidos por las candidaturas proclamadas.
Left-Wing Governments and Far-Right Success
In recent decades, support for the far right has surged in many countries. One common explanation for this is that far-right support is a backlash against left-wing governments and their policies. We investigate the causal effect of the partisan make-up of governments on the electoral results of far-right parties. Evidence from over-time comparative data and a quasi-experimental analysis based on a regression discontinuity design in Spain indicates that far-right parties benefit electorally when the current government is on the left. In further analyses, we employ a novel regression discontinuity design (RDD)-based sampling strategy to examine original individual-level survey data from Spanish municipalities close to the discontinuity cutoff. These data show that the likely mechanism underlying the backlash effect is an ideological shift to the right among the electorate when left-wing parties govern. Overall, the far right benefits more when the mainstream left governs than when the mainstream right does.

World Cup 2026 final highlights: Spain 1-0 Argentina
Ferran Torres scores the only goal of the game as Spain dominate Argentina 1-0, to win their second FIFA World Cup at the New York New Jersey Stadium.

The 2024 French legislative elections: maintaining elections, political crisis
The 2024 French legislative elections were called by President Macron following the severe defeat of his coalition in the 2024 European elections. Held on 30 June and 7 July after a 3-week campaign...

Legislatives 2024 : l'intention de vote à 48h du second tour
Selon un sondage Ipsos-Talan réalisé les 3 et 4 juillet auprès de plus de 10 000 électeurs pour Le Monde, France Télévisions et Radio France, le Rassemblement National et ses alliés remporteraient 170 à 205 sièges de la nouvelle Assemblée nationale, suivi du Nouveau Front Populaire avec 145 à 175 sièges et Ensemble avec 118 à 148 sièges.

Encuestas elecciones generales 29N: resultados de PSOE, PP y VOX y ganador según GAD3 y otros sondeos
Los primeros sondeos tras el adelanto electoral anunciado por Pedro Sánchez ya colocan a un partido como claro favorito para el próximo 29 de noviembre
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2026 – Nepean By-election – Result Commentary
This post will contain commentary on the results of the 2026 Nepean by-election. Use the links below to navigate between the four results pages that I will be updating. Links: Result summary | Comm…

Recuerdo de voto y distorsiones analíticas: el caso español tras las elecciones generales de 2023
The objective of this research is to analyze and identify patterns in the variables of vote recall and vote intention as recorded in the monthly barometers conducted by the Spanish Center for Sociological Research (CIS). The methodological approach employed is time series analysis. The empirical findings indicate that the average percentage of vote recall for the progressive parties, PSOE and Sumar, does not differ from their results in the most recent general elections. In contrast, the percentages for the PP and Vox are lower than their actual electoral outcomes. The study confirms the presence of vote concealment in the case of the PP, as well as the role of the concealment category as an intermediate state in vote transfers to and from Vox. Finally, the research highlights the importance of monitoring the electoral dynamics reflected in the vote recall variable and recommends assessing its potential use as a weighting variable.