Many of the papers I most admire are vision papers1. Rather than abstractly define what a vision paper is, here's a list of a few examples of such papers, to convey the gist:

www.noemamag.com

A View Of The Future Of Our Data

Welcome to the era of data coalitions.

jshaked.leaflet.pub

From Attention to Intention - The Open Garden

Exploring business models for atproto and the open social web

https://jshaked.leaflet.pub/3mfrgv2aezc2g social preview image

ifp.org

Unlocking a Million Times More Data for AI | IFP

How a new ARPANET-style program could solve the data accessibility problem

https://ifp.org/unlocking-a-million-times-more-data-for-ai/ social preview image

The end

scienceplusplus.org

Working notes on the role of vision papers in basic science